Microplastics are a new, emerging contaminant that is becoming detrimental to aquatic environments on a global scale. Primary microplastics are manufactured directly for personal care use and cosmetic formulations. They are used for emulsion stabilization, viscosity regulation, skin conditioning, and the manufacture of synthetic clothing. 1
Primary microplastics are introduced into environments through industrial discharges, water treatment plant effluents, wind deposition, and surface runoff. 2 Secondary microplastics result from the fragmentation and weathering of larger plastic items by sunlight, wind, and water, or by other chemical, biological, or mechanical forces. 3
Plant-derived polysaccharides can provide a highly efficient, nontoxic, and eco-friendly substitute to synthetic flocculants. Plant polysaccharides have high chemical reactivity, polyfunctionality, chirality, chelation ability, and high adsorption capacities. 4
Okra and fenugreek remove up to 90 percent of microplastics from water. The slimy polysaccharides in these plants clump microplastics, allowing easier removal; fenugreek showed high efficiency (93%), and okra also performed well (67%) within an hour in initial tests, while a mixture showed even greater potential.
Polysaccharides extracted from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum), 5 6 aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller), 7 8 okra (Hibiscus esculentus), 9 taro (Colocasia esculenta), 10 and psyllium (Plantago psyllium) have shown promising results as plant-derived flocculants. 11 12
Flocculation is a process that allows the polymers to form a bridge with the contaminants, followed by their removal from contaminated water. Flocculation breaks down microplastics by either bridging or charge neutralization mechanism. 13
Removal Efficiency by Water Source
The effectiveness of the extracts varies based on the type of water and the specific microplastics present:
- Groundwater: Fenugreek was most effective, removing 80–90% of microplastics.
- Ocean Water: Okra performed best, removing approximately 80%.
- Freshwater: A 1:1 combination of okra and fenugreek was most efficient, removing 77%.
Bottled Water Is Very High in Microplastics
In 2024, a significant study found 240,000 plastic fragments per liter of bottled water. Most of the fragments were nanoplastics. The plastic fragments mostly originated from the bottle itself, raising concerns about the widespread use of plastic bottles. 14 These results were 10 to 100 times higher than older estimates. For example, a 2020 study concluded that people who drink bottled water daily ingest 90,000 additional microplastic particles each year. 15
Natural Ways to Help Remove Microplastics from the Body
To help remove microplastics, focus on supporting your body’s natural detox pathways by drinking plenty of fluids (hydration), eating a high-fiber diet (fruits, veggies, whole grains) that help bind microplastics in the gut, and eating antioxidant-rich foods like colored fruits and vegetables to fight oxidative stress. Also, reduce exposure by using glass/steel containers, HEPA filters for air, and opting for natural fabrics. Activities like sweating through exercise and saunas can also help eliminate toxins.
Dietary & Lifestyle Changes
- Increase Fiber: Fiber helps to trap and excrete microplastics. High-fiber foods include fruits (berries, apples), vegetables (kale, broccoli), lentils, nuts, and seeds (chia, flax).
- Consume Antioxidants: Berries, spinach, green tea, and colorful fruits (rich in anthocyanins) can combat microplastic-induced damage. Focus on a diet rich in fiber (berries, lentils, whole grains, veggies) and probiotics (yogurt, kimchi).
- Support Gut Health: Probiotics and soluble fiber (like in chia/flax) can bind toxins and support elimination.
- Avoid plastic-packaged foods and hot foods in plastic containers; opt for whole, unpackaged foods. Use glass containers to store your food in the refrigerator. Glass, wood, and stainless steel alternatives don’t release harmful microplastics when heated or scratched.
- Avoid highly processed foods: They are microplastic magnets, picking up particles from conveyor belts, machinery, and packaging. Stick to fresh, minimally processed packaging.
- Ditch plastic coffee makers: Heat can leach plastic into your coffee.
- Avoid microwaving your food in plastic.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink lots of filtered water to support flushing out toxins.
- Sweat it Out: Eliminate toxins by sweating. Exercise regularly and enjoy an occasional sauna.
- Filter Your Water: Remove microplastics from drinking water by using high-quality water filters.
- Improve Air Quality: Capture airborne microplastics in HEPA filters. Air purifiers and HEPA-filtered vacuums are helpful.
- Choose Natural Fabrics: Choose cotton and wool over synthetic clothes. Polyester and nylon shed microplastics when washed.
- Eat fish lower in the food chain: The larger the fish, the greater the concentration of microplastics in the flesh. Smaller fish include sardines, anchovies, and mackerel.
Suggested Supplements
Dr. Grossman’s Complete Eye Formula 2oz (oral spray)
Advanced Eye & Vision Support Formula (whole food) 60 vcaps
Dr. Grossman’s Meso Plus Retinal Support and Computer Eye Strain Formula with Astaxanthin 90 vcaps
Retinal Support (wild-crafted herbal formula) 2 oz
Green Tea 60 lvcaps
Dr. Grossman’s Bilberry/Ginkgo Combination 2oz (60ml)
Dr. Grossman’s Whole Food Organic Superfood Multi-Vitamin 120 Vcaps
Dr. Grossman’s Premium Turmeric Vcaps (Organic)
Brain and Memory Power Boost 120 caps
Packages
Brain and Memory Support Package 1
Dr. Grossman’s Complete Eye (oral Spray)/Meso Plus Combo Package
Advanced Eye and Vision Support / Meso Plus Combo (3 month supply)
AMD Package 1 (3-month supply)
Dr. Grossman’s Advanced Eye and Dr. G’s Whole Food Superfood Multi120 Vcap Combo – 2 months supply
Recommended Books
Natural Parkinson’s Support: Your Guide to Preventing and Managing Parkinson’s
- Besseling E.; Quik J. T.; Sun M.; et al. Fate of nano-and microplastic in freshwater systems: A modeling study. Environ. Pollut. 2017, 220, 540–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.001. ↩
- Gall S. C.; Thompson R. C. The impact of debris on marine life. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2015, 92 (1–2), 170–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.041. ↩
- Sun J.; Dai X.; Wang Q.; van Loosdrecht M. C. M.; Ni B.-J. Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants: Detection, occurrence and removal. Water Res. 2019, 152, 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.050. ↩
- Srinivasan R.; Mishra A. Okra (Hibiscus esculentus) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum) mucilage: Characterization and application as flocculants for textile effluent treatment. Chin. J. Polym. Sci. 2008, 26, 679–687. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0256767908003424. ↩
- Srinivasan R.; Mishra A. Okra (Hibiscus esculentus) and Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum) mucilage: Characterization and application as flocculants for textile effluent treatment. Chin. J. Polym. Sci. 2008, 26, 679–687. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0256767908003424. ↩
- Salarbashi D.; Bazeli J.; Fahmideh-Rad E. Fenugreek seed gum: Biological properties, chemical modifications, and structural analysis–A review. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2019, 138, 386–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.006. ↩
- Srinivasan R.; Mishra A.; McKinney J. Polysaccharide Agents and Methods of Their Use for Removing Solids from Water. U.S. Patent US10,442,710B2, 2019. ↩
- Ray A.; Gosh S. Aloe Vera L. Gel: Biochemical Composition, Processing and Nutraceutical Applications. In Recent Progress in Medicinal Plants, 41st ed.; Pathak M.; Govil J. N., Eds.; Studium Press LLC: USA, 2014; Chapter 1, Vol. 1, p 22. ↩
- Prajapati R.; Kalariya M.; Umbarkar R.; Parmar S.; Sheth N. Colocasia esculenta: A potent indigenous plant. Int. J. Nutr., Pharmacol. Neurological Dis. 2011, 1 (2), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0738.84188. ↩
- Agarwal M.; Srinivasan R.; Mishra A. Study on flocculation efficiency of okra gum in sewage wastewater. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2001, 286 (9), 560–563. ↩
- Srinivasan R.; Mishra A.; McKinney J. Polysaccharide Agents and Methods of Their Use for Removing Solids from Water. U.S. Patent US10,442,710B2, 2019. ↩
- Lee C. S.; Chong M. F.; Robinson J. and Binneret E. A review on development and application of plant-based bioflocculants and grafted bioflocculants. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2014, 53 (48), 18357–18369. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie5034045. ↩
- Mao Y.; Hu Z.; Li H.; Zheng H.; Yang S.; Yu W.; et al. Recent advances in microplastic removal from drinking water by coagulation: removal mechanism and influencing factors. Environ. Pollut. 2024, 349, 123863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123863. ↩
- National Institutes of Health. “Plastic particles in bottled water.” https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/plastic-particles-bottled-water. ↩
- Max G. People Who Drink Bottled Water on a Daily Basis Ingest 90,000 More Microplastics Per Year. Wired. https://www.wired.com/story/people-who-drink-bottled-water-on-a-daily-basis-ingest-90000-more-microplastics-per-year/. ↩
